The violence began with clashes between Druze fighters and those from local Bedouin tribes, with both sides accusing the other of provocation. More than 1400 people are reported to have been killed.
At the protest in Sweida, some demonstrators waved Israeli flags and called for self-determination for the region, AFP reported.
But al-Sharaa also accused Israel of meddling in his country, adding: "We still have another battle ahead of us to unify Syria, and it should not be with blood and military force ... it should be through some kind of understanding because Syria is tired of war.
"I do not see Syria as at risk of division. Some people desire a process of dividing Syria and trying to establish cantons. ... this matter is impossible," he said, according to a recording of a speech, which he reportedly delivered during a meeting with regional officials.
"Some parties seek to gain power through regional power, Israel or others. This is also extremely difficult and cannot be implemented," he went on.
"Israel is intervening directly in Sweida, seeking to implement policies aimed at weakening the state in general or finding excuses to interfere in ongoing policies in the southern region.”
Israel has claimed it acted to defend the Druze minority and to enforce its demands for the demilitarisation of southern Syria.