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Once more expensive than opium, rhubarb has a fascinating history

May 27, 2010 14:00
Pretty in pink: spring forced rhubarb is tender and vivid in colour

By

Ruth Joseph

2 min read

Rhubarb might lack something in glamour but it is a fantastic seasonal food which is produced in two different ways. The stems of the rhubarb in the shops now have been forced in the dark, hence their wonderful vivid pink colour. Its flavour is more delicate than the thicker stems of outdoor-grown rhubarb that arrives later in the year. It is a fascinating plant, technically a vegetable and a closer relative to sorrel than to fruits. It is low in calories so can easily be included as part of a low-fat, healthy diet, but cooking it without too much sugar does present a challenge.

So what makes rhubarb so interesting? It originated in China and Tibet around 2700 BCE, at which time the roots were dried, ground and used as a natural purgative. Marco Polo introduced it to Europe in the 13th century and records reveal that in 1657 rhubarb commanded a price three times as high as opium.

A wild rhubarb plant has been discovered by researchers from the University of Haifa growing in the mountainous part of the Negev desert. The plant, called Rheum palaestinum, has adapted itself to its harsh climate by incorporating broad, waxy leaves with wide channels and grooves that work as funnels, passing drops of rainwater to the roots. It is the only plant in the world that possesses this ability and scientists are now looking to see if this plant's abilities could be copied in some way to provide better irrigation where water is scarce.

Also, researchers in Germany have extracted a part of the rhubarb root, named ER-73 1, which, they found, in can help with menopausal flushes.