Groups working for hostile foreign powers including Iran’s Revolutionary Guard could be banned as early as next month.
The new National Security (State Threats) Bill could also see people working for hostile powers and their proxies jailed for up to 14 years.
Ministers hope the new laws introduced to Parliament on Tuesday will make it easier to combat threats from hostile states while the long potential sentences are intended to act as a deterrent.
Sir Keir Starmer pledged to fast-track the legislation following a series of attacks on Jews in recent months, including the firebombing of Jewish ambulances and the stabbing of two men in Golders Green in April.
He said: “The recent wave of antisemitic attacks has shocked the nation and left British Jews feeling unsafe in their own communities. That cannot stand.
“Where foreign states are found to be engaging in activity that threatens lives or undermines our democratic institutions, we must ensure that such actions have consequences.”
The Home Office said it aimed to have the Bill passed into law by July, depending on parliamentary approval.
The legislation, introduced to the Commons by Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood, will allow ministers to designate groups as involved in “foreign power threat activity”.
Similar to banning a group under counter-terror legislation, such a designation would make it illegal to assist or accept money from such an organisation, or express support for it.
Mahmood said: “Foreign states are becoming ever more aggressive – attacking our communities, our way of life and our institutions – and hiding their tracks behind proxies. We must adapt to keep pace.”
The new legislation follows concerns that groups linked to foreign powers such as Russia and Iran are recruiting people to carry out attacks in Britain, sometimes through proxies.
MI5 has warned that investigations into state threats increased sharply, with 20 potentially lethal Iranian-backed plots tracked by the security service in 2025 alone.
In September last year, the Metropolitan Police said it had seen a rise in criminals being recruited as “proxies” for foreign states, including two men hired by Russia’s Wagner Group to carry out an arson attack at a Ukrainian-linked warehouse.
Concern has also focused on Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), with repeated calls to ban the organisation over its alleged sponsoring of terrorist activity abroad.
But, last year, the Government’s terror law watchdog Jonathan Hall said existing laws did not cover state-backed groups such as the IRGC, meaning new powers were needed.
Along with the IRGC and Wagner, other groups that could be designated under the new law include the Swedish-based Foxtrot organisation, said to carry out criminal activity on behalf of Iran.
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