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 <title>Yom Kippur</title>
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 <title>A pogrom conducted by Jews</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/columnists/83887/a-pogrom-conducted-jews</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;You&#039;ve probably had your fill of atonement for this year. You&#039;d be forgiven if you didn&#039;t want to think of Yom Kippur for another 12 months. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;But, before we leave it behind, one last thought about what we just did. We stood and, in the Al Chet prayer, listed one-by-one those areas where we had fallen short. &quot;We&quot; is the operative word here, for this is no Catholic confession, alone and in private, but a collective act of atonement. We announce that we will put right what we have done wrong collectively, as a people. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now, maybe this is just a tired ritual, a parroting of words few of us understand for no higher purpose than to give us the soothing sensation of following tradition. But, if it means anything, then we need to look hard at what we as a people have done. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Plenty of long-time JC readers will groan now in anticipation of my mentioning Israel. &quot;There he goes again&quot;, they&#039;ll say. &quot;Always banging on about Israel&#039;s treatment of the Palestinians.&quot; All right, I&#039;ll change the record. No talk about the Palestinians this time. Instead let&#039;s talk about Israel&#039;s treatment of those no one could seriously believe pose a security threat, those who have no record, past or present, of hostility to Israel. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I&#039;m speaking of the African asylum seekers who, out of desperation, have fled brutal societies for a chance of survival in the country that boasts of being the only true, open democracy in a region of oppression. These are people who have thrown no rockets at Israeli towns, who have no charter committed to Israel&#039;s destruction. So how are they treated?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;They are &quot;a cancer in the body&quot; of the nation, Likud MK Miri Regev declared at a Tel Aviv rally in May, a verdict later backed by 52 per cent of Jewish Israelis, according to a poll. Her audience certainly got the message, promptly running riot through the Hatikva neighbourhood - linger for a moment on that name - which is home to many African migrants. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Amid chants of &quot;Blacks out!&quot;, the mob smashed the windows of African-owned shops or cars, beating up any luckless migrant they chanced upon. The Telegraph reported on a group that rounded on a black boy on a bicycle, beating, punching and kicking him in the head while the police stood by and watched: &quot;Other witnesses described a gang assaulting a mother carrying a young baby so violently she was forced to drop her child.&quot; If that were a Jewish neighbourhood, we know what word we would use: pogrom. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Scan the headlines since and you see the pattern. Earlier this month, the Israeli immigration authorities jailed a newborn baby in a detention facility. They were taking their cue from Israel&#039;s Interior Minister who had vowed to make the lives of such asylum seekers &quot;bitter until they leave&quot;. Should those refugees object, surely they could demand justice in the courts? Not necessarily. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A new rule due to take effect this month was set to deny many migrants (and Palestinians) access to the courts, until, under pressure, the Justice Ministry threw it out. Meanwhile, an Israeli woman last week posted on her Facebook page a collection of photographs of African refugees in a park, referring to the men as &quot;animals&quot; and labelling the pictures &quot;Night tour in the south Tel Aviv safari&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Which of the 44 sins we listed so earnestly on Yom Kippur do we violate when we know of this and say little or nothing? Take your pick. Our sacred texts tell us repeatedly to welcome the stranger, for we too were once strangers. Why do we bother reciting these words if they no longer mean anything?&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/columnists">Columnists</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <nid>83887</nid>
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 <link1>70476</link1>
 <link1_title>If the prophets could see Israel now</link1_title>
 <link2>50724</link2>
 <link2_title>Immigration now less popular in Israel</link2_title>
 <footer>Jonathan Freedland is a Guardian columnist</footer>
 <body>You&#039;ve probably had your fill of atonement for this year. You&#039;d be forgiven if you didn&#039;t want to think of Yom Kippur for another 12 months. 
But, before we leave it behind, one last thought about what we just did. We stood and, in the Al Chet prayer, listed one-by-one those areas where we had fallen short. &quot;We&quot; is the operative word here, for this is no Catholic confession, alone and in private, but a collective act of atonement. We announce that we will put right what we have done wrong collectively, as a people. 
Now, maybe this is just a tired ritual, a parroting of words few of us understand for no higher purpose than to give us the soothing sensation of following tradition. But, if it means anything, then we need to look hard at what we as a people have done. 
Plenty of long-time JC readers will groan now in anticipation of my mentioning Israel. &quot;There he goes again&quot;, they&#039;ll say. &quot;Always banging on about Israel&#039;s treatment of the Palestinians.&quot; All right, I&#039;ll change the record. No talk about the Palestinians this time. Instead let&#039;s talk about Israel&#039;s treatment of those no one could seriously believe pose a security threat, those who have no record, past or present, of hostility to Israel. 
I&#039;m speaking of the African asylum seekers who, out of desperation, have fled brutal societies for a chance of survival in the country that boasts of being the only true, open democracy in a region of oppression. These are people who have thrown no rockets at Israeli towns, who have no charter committed to Israel&#039;s destruction. So how are they treated?
They are &quot;a cancer in the body&quot; of the nation, Likud MK Miri Regev declared at a Tel Aviv rally in May, a verdict later backed by 52 per cent of Jewish Israelis, according to a poll. Her audience certainly got the message, promptly running riot through the Hatikva neighbourhood - linger for a moment on that name - which is home to many African migrants. 
Amid chants of &quot;Blacks out!&quot;, the mob smashed the windows of African-owned shops or cars, beating up any luckless migrant they chanced upon. The Telegraph reported on a group that rounded on a black boy on a bicycle, beating, punching and kicking him in the head while the police stood by and watched: &quot;Other witnesses described a gang assaulting a mother carrying a young baby so violently she was forced to drop her child.&quot; If that were a Jewish neighbourhood, we know what word we would use: pogrom. 
Scan the headlines since and you see the pattern. Earlier this month, the Israeli immigration authorities jailed a newborn baby in a detention facility. They were taking their cue from Israel&#039;s Interior Minister who had vowed to make the lives of such asylum seekers &quot;bitter until they leave&quot;. Should those refugees object, surely they could demand justice in the courts? Not necessarily. 
A new rule due to take effect this month was set to deny many migrants (and Palestinians) access to the courts, until, under pressure, the Justice Ministry threw it out. Meanwhile, an Israeli woman last week posted on her Facebook page a collection of photographs of African refugees in a park, referring to the men as &quot;animals&quot; and labelling the pictures &quot;Night tour in the south Tel Aviv safari&quot;. 
Which of the 44 sins we listed so earnestly on Yom Kippur do we violate when we know of this and say little or nothing? Take your pick. Our sacred texts tell us repeatedly to welcome the stranger, for we too were once strangers. Why do we bother reciting these words if they no longer mean anything?</body>
 <pubDate>Thu, 27 Sep 2012 16:35:52 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Jonathan Freedland</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">83887 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>I&#039;m glad you prayed - a High Holy Days tune</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/videos/lifestyle-videos/im-glad-you-prayed-a-high-holy-days-tune</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;Boyband The Wanted get the Jewish-makeover treatement with this Yom Kippur reworking of &quot;I&#039;m glad you came&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/video/lifestyle-videos">Lifestyle videos</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <pubDate>Thu, 27 Sep 2012 12:48:01 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Jennifer Lipman</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">83935 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>YomKipTopTips - Top tips for the fast from the JC</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/blogs/anna-sheinman/yomkiptoptips-top-tips-fast-jc</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;The fast is never easy. To make it that bit more bearable, I’ve asked those bastions of Jewish knowledge – the JC staff – to share their top tips on how to make it through. Here’s what they came up with.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Jennifer Lipman, comment editor &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/jenlipman&quot;&gt;@JenLipman&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
“Never wear a watch. All you’ll do is sit there looking at the time, it won’t help the 25 hours go faster!”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Gerald Jacobs, literary editor:&lt;br /&gt;
“Take a break, go home, get out a good book and read horizontally. It’s important that you’re horizontal.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cathy Forman, community editor:&lt;br /&gt;
“Never sit next to a hypochondriac in shul.”&lt;br /&gt;
“Also, we know a couple who sleep in and go to synagogue for 2pm, so they’ve only got 6 hours left.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Simon Round, features writer (and former food editor) &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/simon_round&quot;&gt;@simon_round&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
“I’d recommend food with a low glycaemic index like barley, lentils and oats, for slow release energy, as well as protein to stop you feeling hungry. A chicken and lentil dahl with brown rice would be a perfect meal to start the fast. Eat as much as possible.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sharron Livingstone, travel editor:&lt;br /&gt;
“You’ve got to get into the spirit of the day. Think about what you’re doing, and meditate on where you are and where you want to be this time next year.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Angela Kiverstein, supplements editor:&lt;br /&gt;
“We think of it as a marathon, so we have a big bowl of pasta with cheese sauce to start us off. It fills you up.”&lt;br /&gt;
“Also make sure whatever you eat doesn’t have too much salt, it will only make you thirsty.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Zoe Winograd, reporter:&lt;br /&gt;
“Don’t drink coffee for a few days before, it will help with the headache.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Danny Caro, sports editor &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/DjCaro&quot;&gt;@DjCaro&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
“If you’ve got to make food for children, make it in advance.”&lt;br /&gt;
“I always like to go for a walk in the park and collect conkers.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Jamie Masters, sports reporter &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Masters_JamesD&quot;&gt;@Masters_JamesD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
“Don’t think about the football results. It won’t make them come any faster.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sandy Rashty, reporter &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/SandyRashty&quot;&gt;@SandyRashty&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
“On your way, don’t walk down the high street, all the adverts for food are just too much to deal with.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Jenni Frazer, news editor:&lt;br /&gt;
“Fast on meat, break on fish – isn’t that what everyone does?”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And finally, Marcus Dysch, reporter &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/MarcusDysch&quot;&gt;@MarcusDysch&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
“Don’t make a fuss, just get on with it!”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Have you got a YomKipTopTip? Let us know by posting it below.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Follow Anna Sheinman on Twitter &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/AnnaSheinman&quot;&gt;@AnnaSheinman&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <comments>http://www.thejc.com/blogs/anna-sheinman/yomkiptoptips-top-tips-fast-jc#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 25 Sep 2012 11:43:47 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Anna Sheinman</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">83592 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>Let’s listen to Isaiah and share our bread with the hungry</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/comment/82853/let%E2%80%99s-listen-isaiah-and-share-our-bread-hungry</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;My grandparents escaped from Europe to America for a life free from persecution and poverty. Yet, after one generation, I went back, crossing the Atlantic in the opposite direction for a year of study that became a lifetime. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I was privileged to have been part of the social activism of 1960s&#039; America. But, by the decade&#039;s end, optimism had given way to despair that our efforts to create a more just world had not materialised. I left a country that was still recovering from the poison of McCarthyism, was rife with conflict over Vietnam and with a black population still denied access to the &quot;American Dream&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I also left an America where Jews, religious and secular, played a disproportionate role in many of the social movements. The Britain I moved to was a country that had institutionalised outstanding social provision through the creation of the welfare state yet, paradoxically, I found that the Jewish community was not as overtly involved in issues of social justice. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Fast-forward 40 years and Britain looks to me like a very different place, with government-steered austerity cuts to state services. The Institute for Fiscal Studies expects the cuts will cause the number of children growing up in poverty to rise by a staggering 400,000 children by 2015. The UK&#039;s largest network of food banks, the Trussell Trust, has in the past three years doubled the number of people it feeds.  &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These cuts will have a disproportionate effect on our most vulnerable, who are less able to cushion themselves. Almost half of young black people are now unemployed, while half of older Pakistani and Bangladeshi people live in poverty. Asylum seekers and refugees will also be severely affected by the 60 per cent cuts to the advice services and groups that help them integrate. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;While I don&#039;t want to give in to pessimism, I find it frightening that the bulk of the cuts are still to come. The effects may be hidden from view (save for people begging on our streets), but this makes them no less devastating. And this pressure to compete for scarce resources could lead to increasing tension between communities as they vie for an ever diminishing share of the cake.  &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our community is not immune. In 2011, the Institute for Jewish Policy Research found that, of the 50,600 Jewish children recorded in the 2001 census, 3,800 lived in overcrowded accommodation and 2,500 lived in social housing; 4,300 lived in households where no adults were employed. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hackney&#039;s Charedi community is worst hit but the report also referred to areas like Barnet and Redbridge. According to Hackney Council, 90 per cent of housing claimants affected by cuts are Charedi. Meanwhile, Norwood recently revealed that its case-load had increased by 20 per cent since 2011 as a result of the economic situation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&quot;If all the afflictions in the world were assembled on one side of the scale and poverty on the other, poverty would outweigh them all,&quot; teach the sages, in Exodus Rabba. The Reconstructionist rabbi, Richard Hirsh, explains that, in the Talmudic period, tackling poverty was seen as being too complex a job to be left to individuals or private groups - something surely true today. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As Jews, we are taught that every one of us has a duty to give tzedakah out of the necessity to do justice. &quot;A person is held responsible for the sins of their family, or of their community when they fail to use their influence for the correction of wrongs.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since I started the Jewish Council for Racial Equality in 1976, I have witnessed a growing interest in our community in making this teaching a reality. It did itself proud in creating a Jewish coalition to &quot;Make Poverty History&quot; in 2005. The same imagination, resources and effort now need to be channelled into a new campaign.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We have made a good start, with superb projects such as the New North London Synagogue centre for asylum seekers and Alyth Gardens&#039; drop-in for refugees. Finchley Reform and Finchley Progressive synagogues have run homeless shelters. But more is needed, and such laudable examples must go hand-in-hand with a robust response from our community, be it through the pulpit or from our organisations. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A positive and distinct Jewish voice offering a vision of a better society must be heard loud and clear in the New Year. Isaiah commands us to &quot;share your bread with the hungry&quot;. On Yom Kippur, this should be our resolution, our commitment and our passion.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/comment">Comment</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/charity">Charity</category>
 <nid>82853</nid>
 <type>story</type>
 <strap />
 <image />
 <caption />
 <link1 />
 <link1_title />
 <link2 />
 <link2_title />
 <footer>Edie Friedman is executive director of Jcore</footer>
 <body>My grandparents escaped from Europe to America for a life free from persecution and poverty. Yet, after one generation, I went back, crossing the Atlantic in the opposite direction for a year of study that became a lifetime. 
I was privileged to have been part of the social activism of 1960s&#039; America. But, by the decade&#039;s end, optimism had given way to despair that our efforts to create a more just world had not materialised. I left a country that was still recovering from the poison of McCarthyism, was rife with conflict over Vietnam and with a black population still denied access to the &quot;American Dream&quot;. 
I also left an America where Jews, religious and secular, played a disproportionate role in many of the social movements. The Britain I moved to was a country that had institutionalised outstanding social provision through the creation of the welfare state yet, paradoxically, I found that the Jewish community was not as overtly involved in issues of social justice. 
Fast-forward 40 years and Britain looks to me like a very different place, with government-steered austerity cuts to state services. The Institute for Fiscal Studies expects the cuts will cause the number of children growing up in poverty to rise by a staggering 400,000 children by 2015. The UK&#039;s largest network of food banks, the Trussell Trust, has in the past three years doubled the number of people it feeds.  
These cuts will have a disproportionate effect on our most vulnerable, who are less able to cushion themselves. Almost half of young black people are now unemployed, while half of older Pakistani and Bangladeshi people live in poverty. Asylum seekers and refugees will also be severely affected by the 60 per cent cuts to the advice services and groups that help them integrate. 
While I don&#039;t want to give in to pessimism, I find it frightening that the bulk of the cuts are still to come. The effects may be hidden from view (save for people begging on our streets), but this makes them no less devastating. And this pressure to compete for scarce resources could lead to increasing tension between communities as they vie for an ever diminishing share of the cake.  
Our community is not immune. In 2011, the Institute for Jewish Policy Research found that, of the 50,600 Jewish children recorded in the 2001 census, 3,800 lived in overcrowded accommodation and 2,500 lived in social housing; 4,300 lived in households where no adults were employed. 
Hackney&#039;s Charedi community is worst hit but the report also referred to areas like Barnet and Redbridge. According to Hackney Council, 90 per cent of housing claimants affected by cuts are Charedi. Meanwhile, Norwood recently revealed that its case-load had increased by 20 per cent since 2011 as a result of the economic situation.
&quot;If all the afflictions in the world were assembled on one side of the scale and poverty on the other, poverty would outweigh them all,&quot; teach the sages, in Exodus Rabba. The Reconstructionist rabbi, Richard Hirsh, explains that, in the Talmudic period, tackling poverty was seen as being too complex a job to be left to individuals or private groups - something surely true today. 
As Jews, we are taught that every one of us has a duty to give tzedakah out of the necessity to do justice. &quot;A person is held responsible for the sins of their family, or of their community when they fail to use their influence for the correction of wrongs.&quot; 
Since I started the Jewish Council for Racial Equality in 1976, I have witnessed a growing interest in our community in making this teaching a reality. It did itself proud in creating a Jewish coalition to &quot;Make Poverty History&quot; in 2005. The same imagination, resources and effort now need to be channelled into a new campaign.
We have made a good start, with superb projects such as the New North London Synagogue centre for asylum seekers and Alyth Gardens&#039; drop-in for refugees. Finchley Reform and Finchley Progressive synagogues have run homeless shelters. But more is needed, and such laudable examples must go hand-in-hand with a robust response from our community, be it through the pulpit or from our organisations. 
A positive and distinct Jewish voice offering a vision of a better society must be heard loud and clear in the New Year. Isaiah commands us to &quot;share your bread with the hungry&quot;. On Yom Kippur, this should be our resolution, our commitment and our passion.</body>
 <pubDate>Fri, 21 Sep 2012 12:57:39 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Edie Friedman</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">82853 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>On yer bike, it&#039;s time to atone</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/comment/82849/on-yer-bike-its-time-atone</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;As someone who falls somewhere between the Israeli labels of secular and traditional, my US Jewish roots are steeped in synagogue attendance. Growing up in America, I had to attend shul to be an affiliated Jew, especially on the High Holy Days. Chanting prayers in a language that I didn&#039;t understand, I may not have loved it but that&#039;s the way it was.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Years later, I made aliyah to Tel Aviv. Tel Aviv on Yom Kippur is incredible. As the city&#039;s energy slows to a crawl on Kol Nidre, cars are replaced by bikes and pedestrians until not a single moving vehicle remains in sight. By the time shul services have finished, the streets are packed with people, especially children of all ages who take over every available metre of the road. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I believe that if you feel Shabbat in Jerusalem 10 times more intensely than you do in Tel Aviv (that is, you feel the contrast between Shabbat and the weekdays), then you feel Yom Kippur 100 times more in Tel Aviv (my numbers are rough mathematical estimates).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;While the Jerusalem streets feel like a ghost town on Yom Kippur, it&#039;s not so different from any other Shabbat. Tel Aviv on the Day of Atonement is a sight to behold that comes round only once a year.  But every Yom Kippur, as I walk around the city in awe, I can&#039;t help wondering: what does spending the day riding bikes have to do with the actual meaning of Yom Kippur? To take it to the absurd, if everyone were to start eating sushi and having hula-hoop contests on Shavuot, while it might be really fun, would it add to or take away from the festival itself?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A friend once told me that &quot;people celebrate it in their own ways and it&#039;s nice for so many people to do something together&quot;.  Many (most?) of these bike-riders and outdoor types aren&#039;t repenting, apologising to others, or thinking about what they want to do differently in the coming year.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My perspective is surely rooted in Jewish guilt about what we should be doing. I don&#039;t want to judge or look down on non-religious observance (especially as, well, I&#039;m not the most religious guy around and to each, his own) but let&#039;s just say it wasn&#039;t riding bikes that ensured our survival over thousands of years. If, God forbid, there is not an Israel tomorrow (or more realistically, if Israelis simply move abroad), how will we pass on our heritage to the next generation? Every demographic study shows our numbers in decline. Those of us in Israel may have the luxury of not worrying about these things like our counterparts in the diaspora, but isn&#039;t it important to pass on something besides &quot;it&#039;s Yom Kippur, grab your helmet&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;But here&#039;s what my friend was trying to get across. I&#039;m not in the diaspora. Whereas the Jewish identity I grew up with was defined by religious observance, I&#039;m now living as part of the Jewish nation in a way that I never could do outside of Israel. I grew up with Yom Kippur as a religious commemoration. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Israel, very few things are solely religious. When Israel liberated the Western Wall in 1967, it wasn&#039;t only a religious moment. It was a national victory after 2000 years of exile. I like that I live in a country where my Jewish identity is defined not only by religious observance but also by culture, language, community, and so much more.  &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Could Israeli society be a little more well-versed in our history, texts, and religion? Sure. Is the broad spectrum of religious observance a natural, expected, and overall meaningful thing in a Jewish state? Definitely. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now, when I walk down Tel Aviv&#039;s highway, amazed by its rare emptiness, I try to let it enhance my spiritual and religious experience, not detract from it. As for others? I guess it&#039;s up them to figure it out. &lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/comment">Comment</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <nid>82849</nid>
 <type>story</type>
 <strap />
 <image />
 <caption />
 <link1>80607</link1>
 <link1_title>Fury over Tel Aviv&#039;s ‘Boris bike’ rentals on Yom Kippur</link1_title>
 <link2 />
 <link2_title />
 <footer>Benji Lovitt is a comedian living in Israel. He blogs on www.benjilovitt.com</footer>
 <body>As someone who falls somewhere between the Israeli labels of secular and traditional, my US Jewish roots are steeped in synagogue attendance. Growing up in America, I had to attend shul to be an affiliated Jew, especially on the High Holy Days. Chanting prayers in a language that I didn&#039;t understand, I may not have loved it but that&#039;s the way it was.
Years later, I made aliyah to Tel Aviv. Tel Aviv on Yom Kippur is incredible. As the city&#039;s energy slows to a crawl on Kol Nidre, cars are replaced by bikes and pedestrians until not a single moving vehicle remains in sight. By the time shul services have finished, the streets are packed with people, especially children of all ages who take over every available metre of the road. 
I believe that if you feel Shabbat in Jerusalem 10 times more intensely than you do in Tel Aviv (that is, you feel the contrast between Shabbat and the weekdays), then you feel Yom Kippur 100 times more in Tel Aviv (my numbers are rough mathematical estimates).
While the Jerusalem streets feel like a ghost town on Yom Kippur, it&#039;s not so different from any other Shabbat. Tel Aviv on the Day of Atonement is a sight to behold that comes round only once a year.  But every Yom Kippur, as I walk around the city in awe, I can&#039;t help wondering: what does spending the day riding bikes have to do with the actual meaning of Yom Kippur? To take it to the absurd, if everyone were to start eating sushi and having hula-hoop contests on Shavuot, while it might be really fun, would it add to or take away from the festival itself?
A friend once told me that &quot;people celebrate it in their own ways and it&#039;s nice for so many people to do something together&quot;.  Many (most?) of these bike-riders and outdoor types aren&#039;t repenting, apologising to others, or thinking about what they want to do differently in the coming year.
My perspective is surely rooted in Jewish guilt about what we should be doing. I don&#039;t want to judge or look down on non-religious observance (especially as, well, I&#039;m not the most religious guy around and to each, his own) but let&#039;s just say it wasn&#039;t riding bikes that ensured our survival over thousands of years. If, God forbid, there is not an Israel tomorrow (or more realistically, if Israelis simply move abroad), how will we pass on our heritage to the next generation? Every demographic study shows our numbers in decline. Those of us in Israel may have the luxury of not worrying about these things like our counterparts in the diaspora, but isn&#039;t it important to pass on something besides &quot;it&#039;s Yom Kippur, grab your helmet&quot;?
But here&#039;s what my friend was trying to get across. I&#039;m not in the diaspora. Whereas the Jewish identity I grew up with was defined by religious observance, I&#039;m now living as part of the Jewish nation in a way that I never could do outside of Israel. I grew up with Yom Kippur as a religious commemoration. 
In Israel, very few things are solely religious. When Israel liberated the Western Wall in 1967, it wasn&#039;t only a religious moment. It was a national victory after 2000 years of exile. I like that I live in a country where my Jewish identity is defined not only by religious observance but also by culture, language, community, and so much more.  
Could Israeli society be a little more well-versed in our history, texts, and religion? Sure. Is the broad spectrum of religious observance a natural, expected, and overall meaningful thing in a Jewish state? Definitely. 
Now, when I walk down Tel Aviv&#039;s highway, amazed by its rare emptiness, I try to let it enhance my spiritual and religious experience, not detract from it. As for others? I guess it&#039;s up them to figure it out. </body>
 <pubDate>Fri, 21 Sep 2012 11:42:08 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Benji Lovitt</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">82849 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>NW Jew: Yom Kippur — it’s all about the eating</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/82826/nw-jew-yom-kippur-%E2%80%94-it%E2%80%99s-all-about-eating</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;One of the disadvantages of being a regular shul-goer is that the rabbi knows me. This means that I am, at this time of year, guilt-tripped into volunteering my time as a steward when extra help is needed to guide members around. Members who can’t remember from one year to the next where the gentlemen’s entrance is, for example. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As a steward, I am also required to mediate between members fighting over a seat. Mr Levy turns up toward the end of the avodah service, as he does every year, just as he turns up half way through mussaf on Rosh Hashanah, the only other time he comes to shul, and starts raising merry hell because somebody is using the seat his family has “owned” since 1957. The fact that the building is filled to the gunnels and has been for three hours doesn’t diminish Mr Levy’s fury that someone is in his seat when it should have been left vacant until, and in case, he decided to saunter in. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Do you know who I am?” he asks, rhetorically.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“I assume that’s a rhetorical question,” I reply.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“My family has been associated with this synagogue since before the war,” he smugly informs me.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Is that right? Well, I’m sure the shul is very grateful for your fees, especially as it appears you demand very little in return,” I smile and politely ask the squatter to move for fear that Mr Levy will decide to start coming on a weekly basis in order to ruin my life.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Then there was the gentleman with the mobile phone. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Sir, could I ask you to turn your phone off please?”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“I’m just phoning my brother — I won’t be a minute.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Sir, I really must insist. It’s not appropriate to be using a mobile phone in synagogue on Yom Kippur. If you must make a call, please will you go outside the shul gates to do so?” &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“What would be the point of that? My brother is outside now, I’m calling him to let him know where I’m sitting so he can join me. If I go out I’ll lose these seats.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Leaving aside this unpleasant duty I look forward to Yom Kippur. Why? Because I love eating and YK is all about eating. Not only do we book-end the day with large meals, hurriedly eaten in order to perpetuate the ingrained Jewish paranoia that “you never know when the next meal is coming”, but we think about it all day long in between. It is truly the foodies’ festival.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our rabbi is no exception. He’s a portly fellow who clearly loves his seudah shlishits. Three years ago his morning sermon was all about chocolate pudding. Then in the afternoon he elucidated on the book of Jonah, spending an interminable hour twisting and turning his way through various obscure talmudic tractates, kabbalistic incantations and gematria calculations in order to convince his flock that Jonah was swallowed by a kosher fish. Included in his treatise was a long and detailed section describing the laws of kashrut and how he likes his salmon served. It was clear from looking around the room that several congregants were looking distinctly queasy by the end.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;After he finished I quietly took him to one side.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Rabbi,” I tentatively ventured, “would you mind if I offered you a little feedback?”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Of course not. Are you playing the part of Greg Wallace?”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Ha ha,” I politely forced. “It’s just that I think you might have planned your sermons today a little more sensitively. That’s all.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Why?” he asked with a large dollop of surprise. “What did I do wrong?”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Judging by the number of congregants that rushed out during the sermon, I think you probably should have given them the dessert after the fish course, not before.”&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features">Lifestyle features</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <nid>82826</nid>
 <type>story</type>
 <strap />
 <image>http://www.thejc.com/files/Choc cake.JPG</image>
 <caption>Chocolate pudding — food for thought in synagogue</caption>
 <link1 />
 <link1_title />
 <link2 />
 <link2_title />
 <footer />
 <body>One of the disadvantages of being a regular shul-goer is that the rabbi knows me. This means that I am, at this time of year, guilt-tripped into volunteering my time as a steward when extra help is needed to guide members around. Members who can’t remember from one year to the next where the gentlemen’s entrance is, for example. 
As a steward, I am also required to mediate between members fighting over a seat. Mr Levy turns up toward the end of the avodah service, as he does every year, just as he turns up half way through mussaf on Rosh Hashanah, the only other time he comes to shul, and starts raising merry hell because somebody is using the seat his family has “owned” since 1957. The fact that the building is filled to the gunnels and has been for three hours doesn’t diminish Mr Levy’s fury that someone is in his seat when it should have been left vacant until, and in case, he decided to saunter in. 
“Do you know who I am?” he asks, rhetorically.
“I assume that’s a rhetorical question,” I reply.
“My family has been associated with this synagogue since before the war,” he smugly informs me.
“Is that right? Well, I’m sure the shul is very grateful for your fees, especially as it appears you demand very little in return,” I smile and politely ask the squatter to move for fear that Mr Levy will decide to start coming on a weekly basis in order to ruin my life.
Then there was the gentleman with the mobile phone. 
“Sir, could I ask you to turn your phone off please?”
“I’m just phoning my brother — I won’t be a minute.”
“Sir, I really must insist. It’s not appropriate to be using a mobile phone in synagogue on Yom Kippur. If you must make a call, please will you go outside the shul gates to do so?” 
“What would be the point of that? My brother is outside now, I’m calling him to let him know where I’m sitting so he can join me. If I go out I’ll lose these seats.”
Leaving aside this unpleasant duty I look forward to Yom Kippur. Why? Because I love eating and YK is all about eating. Not only do we book-end the day with large meals, hurriedly eaten in order to perpetuate the ingrained Jewish paranoia that “you never know when the next meal is coming”, but we think about it all day long in between. It is truly the foodies’ festival.
Our rabbi is no exception. He’s a portly fellow who clearly loves his seudah shlishits. Three years ago his morning sermon was all about chocolate pudding. Then in the afternoon he elucidated on the book of Jonah, spending an interminable hour twisting and turning his way through various obscure talmudic tractates, kabbalistic incantations and gematria calculations in order to convince his flock that Jonah was swallowed by a kosher fish. Included in his treatise was a long and detailed section describing the laws of kashrut and how he likes his salmon served. It was clear from looking around the room that several congregants were looking distinctly queasy by the end.
After he finished I quietly took him to one side.
“Rabbi,” I tentatively ventured, “would you mind if I offered you a little feedback?”
“Of course not. Are you playing the part of Greg Wallace?”
“Ha ha,” I politely forced. “It’s just that I think you might have planned your sermons today a little more sensitively. That’s all.”
“Why?” he asked with a large dollop of surprise. “What did I do wrong?”
“Judging by the number of congregants that rushed out during the sermon, I think you probably should have given them the dessert after the fish course, not before.”</body>
 <pubDate>Thu, 20 Sep 2012 13:34:41 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator />
 <guid isPermaLink="false">82826 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>To be a Jew is to swim against the current</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/judaism/judaism-features/82800/to-be-a-jew-swim-against-current</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;To those who fully open themselves to it, Yom Kippur is a life-transforming experience. It tells us that God, who created the universe in love and forgiveness, reaches out to us in love and forgiveness, asking us to love and forgive others. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;God never asked us not to make mistakes. All He asks is that we acknowledge our mistakes, learn from them, grow through them, and make amends where we can.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;No religion has held such a high view of human possibility. The God who created us in His image, gave us freedom. We are not tainted by original sin, destined to fail, caught in the grip of an evil only divine grace can defeat. To the contrary we have within us the power to choose life. Together we have the power to change the world.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nor are we, as some scientific materialists claim, mere concatenations of chemicals, a bundle of selfish genes blindly replicating themselves into the future. Our souls are more than our minds, our minds are more than our brains, and our brains are more than mere chemical impulses responding to stimuli. Human freedom — the freedom to choose to be better than we were — remains a mystery but it is not a mere given. Freedom is like a muscle and the more we exercise it, the stronger and healthier it becomes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Judaism constantly asks us to exercise our freedom. To be a Jew is not to go with the flow, to be like everyone else, to follow the path of least resistance, to worship the conventional wisdom of the age. To the contrary, to be a Jew is to have the courage to live in a way that is not the way of everyone. Each time we eat, drink, pray or go to work, we are conscious of the demands our faith makes on us, to live God’s will and be one of His ambassadors to the world. Judaism always has been, perhaps always will be, countercultural.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In ages of collectivism, Jews emphasised the value of the individual. In ages of individualism, Jews built strong communities. When most of humanity was consigned to ignorance, Jews were highly literate. When others were building monuments and amphitheaters, Jews were building schools. In materialistic times they kept faith with the spiritual. In ages of poverty they practised tzedakah so that none would lack the essentials of a dignified life. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The sages said that Abraham was called Ha’ivri, “the Hebrew,” because all the world was on one side (ever echad) and Abraham on the other (Bereshit Rabbah 42:8). To be a Jew is to swim against the current, challenging the idols of the age whatever the idol, whatever the age. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So, as our ancestors used to say, “S’iz schver tzu zein a Yid,” “It is not easy to be a Jew”. But if Jews have contributed to the human heritage out of all proportion to our numbers, the explanation lies here. Those of whom great things are asked, become great — not because they are inherently better or more gifted than others but because they feel themselves challenged, summoned, to greatness.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Few religions have asked more of their followers. There are 613 commandments in the Torah. Jewish law applies to every aspect of our being, from the highest aspirations to the most prosaic details of quotidian life.&lt;br /&gt;
Our library of sacred texts — Tanach, Mishnah, Gemara, Midrash, codes and commentaries — is so vast that no lifetime is long enough to master it. Theophrastus, a pupil of Aristotle, sought for a description that would explain to his fellow Greeks what Jews are. The answer he came up with was, “a nation of philosophers”.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So high does Judaism set the bar that it is inevitable that we should fall short time and again. This means that forgiveness was written into the script from the beginning. God, said the sages, sought to create the world under the attribute of strict justice but He saw that it could not stand.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What did He do? He added mercy to justice, compassion to retribution, forbearance to the strict rule of law. God forgives. Judaism is a religion, the world’s first, of forgiveness.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Not every civilisation is as forgiving as Judaism. There were religions that never forgave Jews for refusing to convert. Many of the greatest European intellectuals — among them Voltaire, Fichte, Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Frege and Heidegger — never quite forgave Jews for staying Jews, different, angular, countercultural, iconoclastic. Yet despite the tragedies of more than twenty centuries, Jews and Judaism still flourish, refusing to grant victory to cultures of contempt or the angel of death.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The majesty and mystery of Judaism is that though at best Jews were a small people in a small land, no match for the circumambient empires that periodically assaulted them, Jews did not give way to self-hate, self-disesteem or despair. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Beneath the awe and solemnity of Yom Kippur one fact shines radiant throughout: that God loves us more than we love ourselves. He believes in us more than we believe in ourselves. He never gives up on us, however many times we slip and fall. The story of Judaism from beginning to end is the tale of a love of God for a people who rarely fully reciprocated that love, yet never altogether failed to be moved by it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rabbi Akiva put it best in a mere two words: Avinu Malkenu (Talmud, Ta’anit 25b). Yes, You are our Sovereign, God Almighty, Maker of the cosmos, King of kings. But You are also our Father. You told Moses to say to Pharaoh in Your name: “My child, My firstborn, Israel” (Exodus 4:22). That love continues to make Jews a symbol of hope to humanity, testifying that a nation does not need to be large to be great, nor powerful to have influence. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Each of us can, by a single act of kindness or generosity of spirit, cause a ray of the divine light to shine in the human darkness, allowing the Shechinah, at least for a moment, to be at home in our world.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;More than Yom Kippur expresses our faith in God, it is the expression of God’s faith in us.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;***&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 1888, Alfred Nobel, the man who invented dynamite, was reading his morning papers when, with a shock, he found himself reading his own obituary. It turned out that a journalist had made a simple mistake. It was Nobel’s brother who had died.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What horrified Nobel was what he read. It spoke about “the dynamite king” who had made a fortune from explosives. Nobel suddenly realised that if he did not change his life, that was all he would be remembered for. At that moment he decided to dedicate his fortune to creating five annual prizes for those who’d made outstanding contributions in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nobel chose to be remembered not for selling weapons of destruction but for honouring contributions to human knowledge. The question Yom Kippur forces on us is not so much “Will we live?” but “How will we live?” For what would we wish to be remembered? On this day of days we are brutally candid: “Before I was formed I was unworthy, and now that I have been formed it is as if I had not been formed. I am dust while alive, how much more so when I am dead” (the Yom Kippur Machzor). Yet the same faith that inspired those words also declared that we should see ourselves and the world as if equally poised between merit and guilt, and that our next act could tilt the balance, for my life and for the world (Maimonides, Laws of Repentance 3:4). &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Judaism lives in this dialect between our smallness and our potential greatness. We may be dust, but within us are immortal longings. Yom Kippur invites us to become better than we were in the knowledge that we can be better than we are. That knowledge comes from God.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I remember as a student hearing a witty put-down of a brash business tycoon: “He is a self-made man, thereby relieving God of a great responsibility.” If we are only self-made, we live within the prison of our own limitations. The truly great human beings are those who have opened themselves to the inspiration of something greater than themselves. “Wherever you find the greatness of God,” said Rabbi Yohanan, “there you find His humility” (Talmud, Megillah 31a). &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Yom Kippur is about the humility that leads to greatness: our ability to say, over and over again, “We have sinned,” and yet know that this is not a maudlin self-abasement, but rather, the prelude to greater achievement in the future, the way a champion in any sport, a maestro in any field, reviews his or her past mistakes as part of their preparation for the next challenge, the next rung to climb.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Jews had a genius for spiritual greatness. Even Sigmund Freud, hostile as he was to religion in general, could not but express admiration in the last book he wrote, Moses and Monotheism, for the way Judaism produced not one charismatic figure but generation after generation of them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, even more ambivalent about his Jewish ancestry, wrote in his notebook in 1931, “Amongst Jews ‘genius’ is found only in the holy man.” Jews had this genius not because they are better than others — often, reading the prophets, you get the impression that the opposite was sometimes true – but because they worked harder at it. The Hebrew word for serving God, avodah, also means “hard work.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Judaism takes the simple things of life and makes them holy. Kashrut makes eating holy. Kiddush makes drinking holy. The laws of family purity make the physical relationship between husband and wife holy. Study sanctifies the intellect. Prayer reconfigures the mind. Constant acts of generosity and care sharpen our emotional intelligence, honing our skills of empathy. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Judaism, as Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik put it, sees creativity as the essence of humanity, and our greatest creation is our self. We forge our life in the fire of love: love of God, the neighbour and the stranger. And by sanctifying family and community, Judaism sacralises the bonds of belonging that make us who we are.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The power of Yom Kippur is that it brings us face to face with these truths. Through its words, music and devotions, through the way it focuses energies by depriving us of all the physical pleasures we normally associate with a Jewish festival, through the sheer driving passion of the liturgy with its hundred ways of saying sorry, it confronts us with the ultimate question: How will we live? &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Will we live a life that explores to the full the capacity of the human mind to reach out to that which lies beyond it? Will we grow emotionally? Will we learn the arts of loyalty and love? Will we train our inner ear to hear the cry of the lonely and the poor? Will we live a life that makes a difference, bringing the world-that-is a little closer to being the world-that-ought-to-be? Will we open our hearts and minds to God?&lt;br /&gt;
It is possible to live a lifetime without asking any of these questions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is the genius of Judaism that it makes us do so once a year, when God is close to us because we are close to Him. Yom Kippur retains the traces of those two great figures, Moses the prophet and Aaron the priest, who between them created a tension between spontaneity and structure, passion and order, which continues to vitalise the Jewish spirit, giving it the blessings of both restlessness and rest. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Alone with God, together with our people, singing the songs and praying the prayers they said in every age under the most diverse circumstances, we find ourselves questioned, challenged, summoned, inspired.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Like Moses on the mountain, like Aaron in the Holy of Holies, we come as near as we can to being face-to-face with God, and after it we are not the same as we were before. That personal transformation, the ability to make our tomorrow greater than our yesterday, is the essence of teshuvah and of Yom Kippur.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The most demanding day of the Jewish year, a day without food and drink, a day of prayer and penitence, confession and pleading, in which we accuse ourselves of every conceivable sin, still calls to Jews, touching the open arms of God, weeping because we may have disappointed Him, or because sometimes we feel He has disappointed us, yet knowing that we need one another, for though God can create universes, He cannot live within the human heart unless we let Him in.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is a day not just of confession and forgiveness but of a profound liberation. Atonement means that we can begin again. We are not held captive by the past, by our failures. The book is open and God invites us — His hand guiding us the way a scribe guides the hand of those who write a letter in a Torah scroll — to write a new chapter in the story of our people, a chapter uniquely our own yet one that we cannot write on our own without being open to something vaster than we will ever fully understand. It is a day on which God invites us to greatness.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;May He forgive us. May we, lifted by His love, rise to meet His call.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/judaism/judaism-features">Judaism features</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <nid>82800</nid>
 <type>story</type>
 <strap>The Chief Rabbi explores the spiritual challenges of Yom Kippur in an extract from his new Machzor</strap>
 <image>http://www.thejc.com/files/fish two.JPG</image>
 <caption />
 <link1>55881</link1>
 <link1_title>Eating before Yom Kippur</link1_title>
 <link2>55878</link2>
 <link2_title>Why the longest day is the greatest of gifts</link2_title>
 <footer />
 <body>To those who fully open themselves to it, Yom Kippur is a life-transforming experience. It tells us that God, who created the universe in love and forgiveness, reaches out to us in love and forgiveness, asking us to love and forgive others. 
God never asked us not to make mistakes. All He asks is that we acknowledge our mistakes, learn from them, grow through them, and make amends where we can.
No religion has held such a high view of human possibility. The God who created us in His image, gave us freedom. We are not tainted by original sin, destined to fail, caught in the grip of an evil only divine grace can defeat. To the contrary we have within us the power to choose life. Together we have the power to change the world.
Nor are we, as some scientific materialists claim, mere concatenations of chemicals, a bundle of selfish genes blindly replicating themselves into the future. Our souls are more than our minds, our minds are more than our brains, and our brains are more than mere chemical impulses responding to stimuli. Human freedom — the freedom to choose to be better than we were — remains a mystery but it is not a mere given. Freedom is like a muscle and the more we exercise it, the stronger and healthier it becomes.
Judaism constantly asks us to exercise our freedom. To be a Jew is not to go with the flow, to be like everyone else, to follow the path of least resistance, to worship the conventional wisdom of the age. To the contrary, to be a Jew is to have the courage to live in a way that is not the way of everyone. Each time we eat, drink, pray or go to work, we are conscious of the demands our faith makes on us, to live God’s will and be one of His ambassadors to the world. Judaism always has been, perhaps always will be, countercultural.
In ages of collectivism, Jews emphasised the value of the individual. In ages of individualism, Jews built strong communities. When most of humanity was consigned to ignorance, Jews were highly literate. When others were building monuments and amphitheaters, Jews were building schools. In materialistic times they kept faith with the spiritual. In ages of poverty they practised tzedakah so that none would lack the essentials of a dignified life. 
The sages said that Abraham was called Ha’ivri, “the Hebrew,” because all the world was on one side (ever echad) and Abraham on the other (Bereshit Rabbah 42:8). To be a Jew is to swim against the current, challenging the idols of the age whatever the idol, whatever the age. 
So, as our ancestors used to say, “S’iz schver tzu zein a Yid,” “It is not easy to be a Jew”. But if Jews have contributed to the human heritage out of all proportion to our numbers, the explanation lies here. Those of whom great things are asked, become great — not because they are inherently better or more gifted than others but because they feel themselves challenged, summoned, to greatness.
Few religions have asked more of their followers. There are 613 commandments in the Torah. Jewish law applies to every aspect of our being, from the highest aspirations to the most prosaic details of quotidian life.
Our library of sacred texts — Tanach, Mishnah, Gemara, Midrash, codes and commentaries — is so vast that no lifetime is long enough to master it. Theophrastus, a pupil of Aristotle, sought for a description that would explain to his fellow Greeks what Jews are. The answer he came up with was, “a nation of philosophers”.
So high does Judaism set the bar that it is inevitable that we should fall short time and again. This means that forgiveness was written into the script from the beginning. God, said the sages, sought to create the world under the attribute of strict justice but He saw that it could not stand.
What did He do? He added mercy to justice, compassion to retribution, forbearance to the strict rule of law. God forgives. Judaism is a religion, the world’s first, of forgiveness.
Not every civilisation is as forgiving as Judaism. There were religions that never forgave Jews for refusing to convert. Many of the greatest European intellectuals — among them Voltaire, Fichte, Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Frege and Heidegger — never quite forgave Jews for staying Jews, different, angular, countercultural, iconoclastic. Yet despite the tragedies of more than twenty centuries, Jews and Judaism still flourish, refusing to grant victory to cultures of contempt or the angel of death.
The majesty and mystery of Judaism is that though at best Jews were a small people in a small land, no match for the circumambient empires that periodically assaulted them, Jews did not give way to self-hate, self-disesteem or despair. 
Beneath the awe and solemnity of Yom Kippur one fact shines radiant throughout: that God loves us more than we love ourselves. He believes in us more than we believe in ourselves. He never gives up on us, however many times we slip and fall. The story of Judaism from beginning to end is the tale of a love of God for a people who rarely fully reciprocated that love, yet never altogether failed to be moved by it.
Rabbi Akiva put it best in a mere two words: Avinu Malkenu (Talmud, Ta’anit 25b). Yes, You are our Sovereign, God Almighty, Maker of the cosmos, King of kings. But You are also our Father. You told Moses to say to Pharaoh in Your name: “My child, My firstborn, Israel” (Exodus 4:22). That love continues to make Jews a symbol of hope to humanity, testifying that a nation does not need to be large to be great, nor powerful to have influence. 
Each of us can, by a single act of kindness or generosity of spirit, cause a ray of the divine light to shine in the human darkness, allowing the Shechinah, at least for a moment, to be at home in our world.
More than Yom Kippur expresses our faith in God, it is the expression of God’s faith in us.
***
In 1888, Alfred Nobel, the man who invented dynamite, was reading his morning papers when, with a shock, he found himself reading his own obituary. It turned out that a journalist had made a simple mistake. It was Nobel’s brother who had died.
What horrified Nobel was what he read. It spoke about “the dynamite king” who had made a fortune from explosives. Nobel suddenly realised that if he did not change his life, that was all he would be remembered for. At that moment he decided to dedicate his fortune to creating five annual prizes for those who’d made outstanding contributions in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. 
Nobel chose to be remembered not for selling weapons of destruction but for honouring contributions to human knowledge. The question Yom Kippur forces on us is not so much “Will we live?” but “How will we live?” For what would we wish to be remembered? On this day of days we are brutally candid: “Before I was formed I was unworthy, and now that I have been formed it is as if I had not been formed. I am dust while alive, how much more so when I am dead” (the Yom Kippur Machzor). Yet the same faith that inspired those words also declared that we should see ourselves and the world as if equally poised between merit and guilt, and that our next act could tilt the balance, for my life and for the world (Maimonides, Laws of Repentance 3:4). 
Judaism lives in this dialect between our smallness and our potential greatness. We may be dust, but within us are immortal longings. Yom Kippur invites us to become better than we were in the knowledge that we can be better than we are. That knowledge comes from God.
I remember as a student hearing a witty put-down of a brash business tycoon: “He is a self-made man, thereby relieving God of a great responsibility.” If we are only self-made, we live within the prison of our own limitations. The truly great human beings are those who have opened themselves to the inspiration of something greater than themselves. “Wherever you find the greatness of God,” said Rabbi Yohanan, “there you find His humility” (Talmud, Megillah 31a). 
Yom Kippur is about the humility that leads to greatness: our ability to say, over and over again, “We have sinned,” and yet know that this is not a maudlin self-abasement, but rather, the prelude to greater achievement in the future, the way a champion in any sport, a maestro in any field, reviews his or her past mistakes as part of their preparation for the next challenge, the next rung to climb.
Jews had a genius for spiritual greatness. Even Sigmund Freud, hostile as he was to religion in general, could not but express admiration in the last book he wrote, Moses and Monotheism, for the way Judaism produced not one charismatic figure but generation after generation of them.
The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, even more ambivalent about his Jewish ancestry, wrote in his notebook in 1931, “Amongst Jews ‘genius’ is found only in the holy man.” Jews had this genius not because they are better than others — often, reading the prophets, you get the impression that the opposite was sometimes true – but because they worked harder at it. The Hebrew word for serving God, avodah, also means “hard work.”
Judaism takes the simple things of life and makes them holy. Kashrut makes eating holy. Kiddush makes drinking holy. The laws of family purity make the physical relationship between husband and wife holy. Study sanctifies the intellect. Prayer reconfigures the mind. Constant acts of generosity and care sharpen our emotional intelligence, honing our skills of empathy. 
Judaism, as Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik put it, sees creativity as the essence of humanity, and our greatest creation is our self. We forge our life in the fire of love: love of God, the neighbour and the stranger. And by sanctifying family and community, Judaism sacralises the bonds of belonging that make us who we are.
The power of Yom Kippur is that it brings us face to face with these truths. Through its words, music and devotions, through the way it focuses energies by depriving us of all the physical pleasures we normally associate with a Jewish festival, through the sheer driving passion of the liturgy with its hundred ways of saying sorry, it confronts us with the ultimate question: How will we live? 
Will we live a life that explores to the full the capacity of the human mind to reach out to that which lies beyond it? Will we grow emotionally? Will we learn the arts of loyalty and love? Will we train our inner ear to hear the cry of the lonely and the poor? Will we live a life that makes a difference, bringing the world-that-is a little closer to being the world-that-ought-to-be? Will we open our hearts and minds to God?
It is possible to live a lifetime without asking any of these questions.
It is the genius of Judaism that it makes us do so once a year, when God is close to us because we are close to Him. Yom Kippur retains the traces of those two great figures, Moses the prophet and Aaron the priest, who between them created a tension between spontaneity and structure, passion and order, which continues to vitalise the Jewish spirit, giving it the blessings of both restlessness and rest. 
Alone with God, together with our people, singing the songs and praying the prayers they said in every age under the most diverse circumstances, we find ourselves questioned, challenged, summoned, inspired.
Like Moses on the mountain, like Aaron in the Holy of Holies, we come as near as we can to being face-to-face with God, and after it we are not the same as we were before. That personal transformation, the ability to make our tomorrow greater than our yesterday, is the essence of teshuvah and of Yom Kippur.
The most demanding day of the Jewish year, a day without food and drink, a day of prayer and penitence, confession and pleading, in which we accuse ourselves of every conceivable sin, still calls to Jews, touching the open arms of God, weeping because we may have disappointed Him, or because sometimes we feel He has disappointed us, yet knowing that we need one another, for though God can create universes, He cannot live within the human heart unless we let Him in.
It is a day not just of confession and forgiveness but of a profound liberation. Atonement means that we can begin again. We are not held captive by the past, by our failures. The book is open and God invites us — His hand guiding us the way a scribe guides the hand of those who write a letter in a Torah scroll — to write a new chapter in the story of our people, a chapter uniquely our own yet one that we cannot write on our own without being open to something vaster than we will ever fully understand. It is a day on which God invites us to greatness.
May He forgive us. May we, lifted by His love, rise to meet His call.</body>
 <pubDate>Thu, 20 Sep 2012 12:01:47 +0100</pubDate>
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 <guid isPermaLink="false">82800 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
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 <title>Why Yom Tov need not ruin your Freshers&#039; Week</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/campus/campus-comment/80592/why-yom-tov-need-not-ruin-your-freshers-week</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;It didn’t bode well. We pulled up at the entrance to my university accommodation about seven hours after everyone else. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The reason? Rosh Hashanah, which that year unfortunately coincided with the first day of my Freshers’ Week.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This may well be the case for you, but it’s not a reason to panic. Being away from home doesn’t have to mean breaking the Fast alone or celebrating Succot without a succah. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If your first lecture coincides with Yom Tov, chat to someone on your course, borrow their notes, or email the lecturer to explain. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whatever the professors say, you will not fall behind by missing the odd class at the start of the year.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And if the big Freshers’ Week party coincides with Kol Nidre? Think of it as one less opportunity to make a bad, alcohol-induced first impression. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It’s uni — there will be many, many more big nights out.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/campus/campus-comment">Campus Comment</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/rosh-hashanah">Rosh Hashanah</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/universities">Universities</category>
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 <body>It didn’t bode well. We pulled up at the entrance to my university accommodation about seven hours after everyone else. 
The reason? Rosh Hashanah, which that year unfortunately coincided with the first day of my Freshers’ Week.
This may well be the case for you, but it’s not a reason to panic. Being away from home doesn’t have to mean breaking the Fast alone or celebrating Succot without a succah. 
If your first lecture coincides with Yom Tov, chat to someone on your course, borrow their notes, or email the lecturer to explain. 
Whatever the professors say, you will not fall behind by missing the odd class at the start of the year.
And if the big Freshers’ Week party coincides with Kol Nidre? Think of it as one less opportunity to make a bad, alcohol-induced first impression. 
It’s uni — there will be many, many more big nights out.</body>
 <pubDate>Thu, 13 Sep 2012 11:40:09 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Jennifer Lipman</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">80592 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
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<item>
 <title>Ben Stiller&#039;s Yom Kippur comedy skit</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/videos/lifestyle-videos/ben-stillers-yom-kippur-comedy-skit</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;The Hollywood star performs on &lt;i&gt;Saturday Night Live&lt;/i&gt; hours after the end of the fast, prompting a &lt;i&gt;Charlie and the Chocolate Factory&lt;/i&gt; inspired song. &lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/video/lifestyle-videos">Lifestyle videos</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/showbiz">Showbiz</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 11 Oct 2011 09:54:54 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Jennifer Lipman</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">56164 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
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<item>
 <title>Boris Johnson tries to blow the shofar</title>
 <link>http://www.thejc.com/videos/news-videos/boris-johnson-tries-blow-shofar</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;A masterclass in shofar blowing, from the Chief Rabbi for London Mayor Boris Johnson. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt; H/T &lt;A href=&quot;http://twitter.com/#!/RuthieGledhill&quot;&gt;Ruth Gledhill&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/video/news-videos">News videos</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/boris-johnson">Boris Johnson</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/lord-jonathan-sacks">Lord Jonathan Sacks</category>
 <category domain="http://www.thejc.com/news/topics/yom-kippur">Yom Kippur</category>
 <pubDate>Fri, 07 Oct 2011 12:01:14 +0100</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Jennifer Lipman</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">56034 at http://www.thejc.com</guid>
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