Was it a letter that changed the course of history? Albert Einstein's confidential missive to Franklin Roosevelt, penned along with Hungarian Jewish physicist Leó Szilárd and other scientists, called on the US President to support the development of a nuclear weapon.

When Lieutenant-General Robert Baden-Powell arranged a camping trip for 22 boys in August 1907, he probably was not expecting the movement to grow to a worldwide institution.

The first camp was held at Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour, with Baden-Powell eager to try out the ideas that would later be published as the book Scouting for Boys.

Mel Gibson was the toast of Hollywood – had been for years – when he was stopped by a police officer in Malibu, California. He was arrested for drunk driving and launched into an attack on the officer - who was Jewish.

He allegedly shouted: "F***king Jews…the Jews are responsible for all the wars in the world".

Fourteen people were injured when a car bomb was left next to the Israeli Embassy in Kensington.

The attack was followed by another, 24 hours later, at the head offices of the Joint Israel Appeal in Finchley. A further six people were injured in the second hit. Both buildings were left severely damaged, as were some nearby shops.

Arthur Balfour was best known for his 'Balfour Declaration' of 1917, a publication which supported the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. This was published during his time as Foreign Secretary, during the First World War.

The publication made him hugely popular with Jews all around the world, with the JC at the time calling the declaration a "Jewish triumph".

Thirty-eight years on from the terrorist attack at Ben Gurion International airport in Israel – known at the time as the Lod Airport massacre - North Korea was finally fined nearly £200 million for supporting terrorists in an attack that killed 26 people.

The US Federal Court found North Korea guilty of aiding the terrorist's mission and of giving them material support.

One of several high profile assassination attempts made on the life of Adolf Hitler, this event had the potential to significantly alter the history of the Jewish people and of Europe.

A bomb exploded at the Nazi headquarters in Rastenberg, East Prussia, sending shockwaves through Europe after the announcement of the failed assassination attempt was made by the German News Agency.

The events of that day in July changed the face of the Middle East, as the Hashemite monarchy was overthrown after 26 years of rule.

The coup, led by Major-General Abdul Karim el Qasim and a group of army officers, was greeted in Baghdad by many as liberation from the forces of imperialism. But as Iraq lost its Western-backed leadership and became a republic,

The old man who was wheeled into the German court may have had little resemblance to the young Nazi soldiers seen in photographs, but in May he was indeed found guilty of some of the most chilling war crimes.

He was sentenced to five years in prison but prosecutors agreed he could remain free pending an appeal.

As the Second Lebanon War went on, less and less appeared in the newspapers about the two men whose kidnapping led to the conflict.

Eldad Regev was 25 when he was captured during an attack on their patrol at the Israel-Lebanon border in 2006, Ehud Goldwasser, at 30, was older and married.